Relationship of Anti-Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody and Thyroid Function Test
The thyroid is an endocrine gland found in the anterior part of the neck at vertebral levels C5 to T1, it located between the infrahyoid muscles, the larynx, and the trachea, and divide into two lobes, right and left lobe connected by the isthmus (1). The thyroid is one of the largest of the endocrine glands where it is normally weighing 15 to 20 grams in adults. the thyroid secretes several hormones mainly thyroxine (T4) About 93% and triiodo-thyronine (T3) About 7%, almost all T4 is eventually converted into T3 in the tissues so that both have an important function is increase the metabolic rate of the body. T4 and T3 stimulate by thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. the thyroid also secretes calcitonin, which plays an important role in the metabolism of the calcium (2)
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Background: Anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies (anti-TPO antibody) attack thyroid peroxidase enzyme that involved in the synthesis of thyroid hormones, named thyroid autoimmune disease leads to hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism. Objective: assess the relationship between anti-TPO antibody and thyroid function test (T4, T3, and TSH) in thyroid patients. Methods: The first study: In 2425 people suspected of thyroid disease, referred to Yazd Central Medical Laboratory by physicians for 2 years, and anti-TPO antibody, T3, T4, and TSH concentrations were measured. The second study: conducted in 160 patients who demonstrated abnormal thyroid function tests were performed at Grand City Clinic, Hospital Services, and Kantipur dental college for 18 months since Baisakh 2072. Results: The first study: 2135 patients (88.04%) were female and 290 (11.96%) were male. The levels T3, T4, and TSH in individuals with normal and elevated anti-TPO antibody titers were significantly different (P <0.0001). A correlation was detected between TSH and T4 levels and an abnormal anti-TPO antibody (P = 0.002). The second study: 126 patients (78.8%) were female and 34 (21.2%) were male. anti-TPO antibody test showed positive in 102/160 (63.8%) cases. Conclusion: The result confirms the relationship between anti-TPO antibody and thyroid function testing, which negatively affects thyroid function
